Animation Prior to Android 3.0

Before Android 3.0, we have View Animation which covers:

1. Tween Animation

Tween animation calculates the animation with information such as the start point, end point, size, rotation, and other common aspects of an animation.

A sequence of animation instructions defines the tween animation, defined by either XML or Android code. As with defining a layout, an XML file is recommended because it's more readable, reusable, and swappable than hard-coding the animation.

The animation XML file belongs in the res/anim/ directory of your Android project. The file must have a single root element: this will be either a single <alpha>, <scale>, <translate>, <rotate>, interpolator element, or<set> element that holds groups of these elements (which may include another <set>).

Note:
Be sure to use the proper format for what you want ("50" for 50% relative to the parent, or "50%" for 50% relative to itself).

Using translate animation we can do animation like slide left, slide right, slide up, slide down, shake etc.

slide_left.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<translate

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:fromXDelta="0%"

    android:toXDelta="-100%"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator"

    android:duration="2000" />

slide_right.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<translate

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:fromXDelta="0%"

    android:toXDelta="100%"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator"

    android:duration="2000" />

slide_up.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<translate xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:fromYDelta="0%"

    android:toYDelta="-100%"

    android:duration="2000"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator" />

slide_down.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<translate

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:fromYDelta="0%"

    android:toYDelta="100%"

    android:duration="2000"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator" />

shake.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<translate

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:fromXDelta="0"

    android:toXDelta="100"

    android:duration="1000"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/cycle_interpolator"

    android:repeatCount="50"

    android:repeatMode="reverse" />

Note:
To implement shake behaviour we need to use cycle interpolator and repeatCount attribute. 

Using rotate animation we can do rotation with different angles and points.

rotate_360.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<rotate

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:fromDegrees="0"

    android:toDegrees="360"

    android:pivotX="50%"

    android:pivotY="50%"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator"

    android:duration="2000" />

Note:

android:pivotX

Float. The X coordinate to remain fixed when the object is scaled.

android:pivotY

Float. The Y coordinate to remain fixed when the object is scaled.

Using alpha animation we can do fade in/ fade out animation.

fade_in.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<alpha

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:fromAlpha="0"

    android:toAlpha="1"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator"

    android:duration="2000" />

fade_out.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<alpha

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:duration="2000"

    android:fromAlpha="1"

    android:interpolator="@android:anim/linear_interpolator"

    android:toAlpha="0" />

Loading View Animation:

Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, R.anim.yourAnim);
animation.startAnimation(animation);

2. Frame by Frame Animation

Drawable animation lets you load a series of Drawable resources one after another to create an animation.

frame_animation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<animation-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:oneshot="false">

    <item android:drawable="@drawable/active" android:duration="500" />

    <item android:drawable="@drawable/deactive" android:duration="500" />

</animation-list>

Note:
By setting the android:oneshot attribute of the list to true, it will cycle just once then stop and hold on the last frame.

Loading Frame Animation:

@Override

public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasFocus);

 ((AnimationDrawable)view.getBackground()).start();

}